The second option is to operate through a limited company.
With this route, rather than being an employee, the contractor operates on a self-employed basis, usually through their own limited company.
As a self-employed, off-payroll worker, the limited company contractor will instead be required to file for self-assessment and pay tax after they have received their fee from the client, rather than paying as they earn like an umbrella contractor.
Self-assessment can often be tricky and complex, so many limited company contractors instead opt to use the services of an accountant to help with calculations. It is worth bearing in mind that this is an additional cost to the contractor.
Limited company contractors must also ensure they have enough money to cover their tax bill at the end of the year, keeping a portion of their earnings aside for this which requires careful planning.
Furthermore, a limited company contractor also takes on the responsibilities of setting up and running a business, taking on all tasks associated with this, such as admin, paperwork and invoicing which can take up a lot of a contractor’s time and energy.
Another factor to consider is that self-employed contractors aren’t entitled to statutory benefits like umbrella company contractors are. This means that if they should unexpectedly fall ill, or even just want to take a break, they will have to cover the costs of doing so themselves.
The final factor to account for when deciding between limited company vs umbrella is IR35.
IR35 is a piece of legislation that was set-up to stop workers such as contractors from operating as employees but taking advantage of the tax and National Insurance benefits enjoyed by the self-employed.
Recent changes to IR35 have made it the responsibility of the client in the private sector, and not the contractor, to deduct the contractor’s tax and National Insurance contributions before they are paid their fee.
This will lead to thousands of contractors being wrongly classified under the legislation, meaning they will pay more in PAYE tax contributions than they need, without benefiting from the perks of employment.
This is a major drawback of the limited company option and has meant that thousands of limited company contractors operating within the private sector are now looking to make the move to umbrella.